Diabetes is a chronic medical condition characterized by high levels of sugar (glucose) in the blood. It occurs when the body either does not produce enough insulin or cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that helps regulate blood sugar levels by allowing glucose to enter cells for energy.

There are three main types of diabetes:

1. Type 1 Diabetes: This is an autoimmune condition where the body’s immune system attacks insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. It usually develops in childhood or adolescence and requires lifelong insulin therapy.
2. Type 2 Diabetes: This is the most common form of diabetes and is often linked to lifestyle factors such as obesity, poor diet, and lack of exercise. In type 2 diabetes, the body becomes resistant to insulin or does not produce enough, leading to elevated blood sugar levels.
3. Gestational Diabetes: This type occurs during pregnancy and typically resolves after childbirth. However, women who experience gestational diabetes are at higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life.

Symptoms of diabetes can include increased thirst, frequent urination, unexplained weight loss, fatigue, blurred vision, and slow-healing wounds. If left untreated, diabetes can lead to serious complications such as heart disease, kidney failure, nerve damage, and vision loss.

Management of diabetes involves a combination of lifestyle changes and medical treatment. This may include a balanced diet, regular physical activity, monitoring blood sugar levels, and taking prescribed medications or insulin. Early diagnosis and effective management are crucial to prevent complications and maintain quality of life.

Preventing type 2 diabetes is possible through maintaining a healthy weight, eating a nutritious diet, staying physically active, and avoiding tobacco use. Regular check-ups and screening for those at risk can help detect the condition early.

In summary, diabetes is a manageable condition with proper care and attention. Awareness, education, and support are key to living well with diabetes and preventing its complications.